Pantelleria formed in the Quaternary period. Therefore, the territory has recent origins and formed on the contact edge between the African and European continent. The island is rich in vegetation even if, given its size, its 597 different species, subspecies, and botanic varieties may seem just a few.
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Towards the inland, it is possible to observe a vegetation consisting of Phoenicean Juniper and Periploca laevigata which, in the fringe and sunny areas, is enriched by the Woody Spurge and by other species of garigue and maquis.
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The local wildlife is significant: here there is the only European station of African Blue Tit; the only Italian station of Fan-tailed Warbler and Brown Long-eared Bat; the only Sicilian station of Horseshoe Whipsnake, a snake with an unmistakable coat and long up to 150 cm.
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